Newspapers: ownership

 Ownership as of 2010, the independent came under the ownership of Alexander Lebedev


Owned by news UK, who, in turn are part of the american mass media conglomerate, news corp. Rupert Murdoch is the executive chairman  


Marketing and distribution


The independent 

The last printed edition of the independent was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only its digital editions

The I was also launched as a competitor for free papers. Originally a sister newspaper to the independent, it cost only 20p when first published. However, it is now owned by JPIMedia 


Reception theory - stuart hall 

Preferred reading 
This is when audiences respond to the product the way media producers want/expect then to 
oppositional reading 
This is when the audience are in complete disagreement with the product's messages or setting
Negotiated 
This is when a member of the audience partly agrees with part of the product e.g. film documatry, tv programme 


Sun: 
Sex and celebrity 
Less words 
Soft news 
Brighter colours 

Independant 
Politics, serious 
More words 
Serious 
Black & white

target audience for the sun - The so called white van man C2DE, male, 35+ 

What kinds of information can you extrapolate from them? 
slightly more access newspapers via online/digital  

What do they tell us about trends in newspaper readership? why do you think this is the case 
 Weekday and Sunday have declined however Sunday newspapers are selling better 

Sunday
 - Lots of supplements, travel, sport, magazine, gardening 
- feature led 
- in depth 
- quality 
- exclusive 
- More time to read 

Weekday
- News focused 
- non-esclusive 
- Less time to read 

More accesible 

Save the planet 

Digital is live 

Portable 


evening standard Vs sun 

Spike in circulation approx. 2009 because its free 


Tabloid

- sun

- Daily mirror 

- Daily star 

- Daily express

- Daily mail 


Broadsheet

- Independent 

- guardian 

- Times 

- Daily telegraph 


PAMCo 

Publishers Audience Measurement Company 



IPSO 
independent press standards organisation 
introduced 2014, replacing the press complaints commission (PCC)
They regulate the content of all press(newspaper) and magazine copy's   



Regulatory bodys 

IPSO examples 
example 1: 
Daily mail, telegraph and express published false figures about EU refugees to the UK near the Brexit vote 
- example: telegraph claimed 2.4 million Eu refugees were coming into he UK between 2011 - 2015 when actually it was 0.9 million 

Example 2: 
- Every year IPSO released figures of worts offenders (fake news) 
- In 2015 this was news Uk (sun/times/sunday times)
- in 2017 115 offences by the daily mail 



(c) From your knowledge of demographics describe and justify the type of content that might feature in four newspapers of your choice from the data provided 

Newspaper 1 - Sun 
content and justification: the Sun has a majority C2DE 35+ readership with the majority of readers being male. The content will be soft news and have articles on celebrities there will be a lot of colour and less writing than in a broadsheet newspaper 

Newspaper 2 - Independent
Content and justification: The independent has a majority ABC1 35+ readership with most of the readers being men. The content will be Politics and  serious themes there will be More words and it will be black and white in a broadsheet layout. 



(a) Explain what the term readership means 
Readership means the base of people who go to a certain news outlet to get their news and a daily or weekly basis. this is their target audience which is based of age, gender, ethnicity, race, class

(b) Analysing the data about 'The Sun' and 'daily mail' newspapers, describe two differences in terms of their target audience. 

The Sun and the Daily Mail are very different newspapers one difference is a lot more ABC1 social grade read the daily mail as it is a tabloid which is aimed at the higher class as they use more advanced language and more writing. whereas the sun has more C2DE readers they appeal to this readership by focusing on story's based on celebrities there will be less writing in simple language and more images. Another difference is the daily mail has a majority female readership as it focuses more on the news and less on male themes whereas the sun will use the male gaze and have images of women that their readers will find appealing 







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